Latest Research

The latest Australian and international research on the effects of media on children:

Media effects - general
Violence
Advertising
Food Advertising
Physical Effects
Computer/video Games
Computers & the Internet
Media Education

A list of Researchers who focus on children and the media

For a full listing of references and websites see Reading & Research

Media effects - general

Anderson, DR & Hanson, KG (2009) Children, media and methodology. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 52, No. 8, Pp1204-1219
Beullens, K; Van den Bulck, J (2008) News, music videos and action movie exposure and adolescents’ intentions to take risks in traffic. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 40, No. 1, Pp349-356
Biggins, B & Handsley, E (2008) The new sexualised childhood: a case of corporate creep. Reform, No 92, Winter 2008, Pp57-60
Carmona, JBR (2009) Young directors: children and young creators of cinema, video and television. Communicar, No 32, p247
Christakis, DA & Zimmerman, FJ (2009) Young children and media limitations of current knowledge and future directions for research. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 52, No. 8, Pp1177-1185
Cook, J; Main, W (2008) What is a princess? Developing an animated TV program for small girls. Australian Feminist Studies, Vol 23, No 57, Pp 401-415
Crosnoe, R; Trinitapoli, R (2008) Shared family activities and the transition from childhood into adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, Vol. 18, No. 1, Pp23-48
Drotner, K & Livingstone, S (2008) International handbook of children, media and culture. Sage Publications, Hard Cover, ISBN: 9781412928328
Edgar, Don & Patricia (2008) The new child. Wilkinson Publishing Pty Ltd
Egan, R; Hawkes, G (2008) Girls, sexuality and the strange carnalities of advertisements- Deconstructing the discourse of corporate paedophilia. Australian Feminist Studies, Vol 23, No 57, Pp 307-322
Fuller, HA; Damico, AM (2008) Keeping pace with teen media use: Implications and strategies for educators. Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 101, No. 6, Pp323-330
Funk, JB; et al (2009) Parents of preschoolers: Expert media recommendations and ratings knowledge, media-effects beliefs, and monitoring practices. Pediatrics, Vol. 123, No. 3, Pp981-988
Gentzkow, M & Shapiro, JM (2008) Preschool television viewing and adolescent test scores: historical evidence from the Coleman study. Quarterly Journal Economics, Vol. 123, No. 1, Pp279-323
Hoffman, LH & Thomson, TL (2009) The effect of television viewing on adolescents’ civic participation: Political efficacy as a mediating mechanism. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, Vol. 53, No. 1
Hoffner, CA; et al (2008) Socialization to work in late adolescence: the role of television and family.
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, Vol. 52, No. 2, Pp282-302
Lee, SJ (2009) Measuring children’s media use in the digital age: issues and challenges. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 52, No. 8, Pp1152-1176
Masur, EF & Flynn, V (2008) Infant and mother-infant play and the presence of the television. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 29, No. 1, Pp76-83
Oakes, JM (2009) The effect of media on children: a methodological assessment from a social epidemiologist. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 52, No. 8, Pp1136-1151
Persky, S & Blascovich, J (2008) Immersive virtual video game play and presence: influences on aggressive feelings and behavior. Presence-Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, Vol. 17, No. 1, Pp57-72
Potts, R; Belden, A; Reese, C (2008) Young adults’ retrospective reports of childhood television viewing. Communication Research, Vol. 35, No. 1, Pp39-60
Romer, D; et al (2009) Building social capital in young people: The role of mass media and life outlook. Political Communication, Vol. 26, No. 1, Pp65-83
Scheibelhofer, P & Pollak, A (2008) Animated cartoons as media of perception for children and youths.
SWS-Rundschau, Vol. 48, No. 2, Pp122-141
Schmidt, ME; et al (2009) Television viewing in infancy and child cognition at 3 years of age in a US cohort. Pediatrics, Vol. 123, No. 3, Pp e370-e375
Schmidt, ME; et al (2008) The effects of background television on the toy play behavior of very young children. Child Development, Vol. 79, No. 4, Pp1137-1151
Smallwood, AMK (2008) Sesame Street and the reform of children’s television. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, Vol. 52, No. 2, Pp323-324
Valkenburg, PM & Peter, J (2009) The effects of instant messaging on the quality of adolescents’ existing friendships: a longitudinal study. Journal of Communication, Vol. 59, No. 1, Pp79-U15
Walsh, SP; White, KM; Young, RM (2008) Over-connected? A qualitative exploration of the relationship between Australian youth and their mobile phones. Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 31, No. 1, Pp77-92
Wonderly, M (2009) Children’s film as an instrument of moral education. Journal of Moral Education, Vol. 38, No. 1, Pp1-15

Violence

Anderson, JA (2008) The production of media violence and aggression research - a cultural analysis. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1212-1230
Assenza, GB; Assenza, D (2007) Do the media contribute to violence in society? Lessons from international research. New Educational Review, Vol. 13, No. 3-4, Pp23-61
Boxer, P; et al (2009) The role of violent media preference in cumulative developmental risk for violence and general aggression. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, Vol. 38, No. 3, Pp417-428
Brook, DW; et al (2008) Earlier violent television exposure and later drug dependence. American Journal on Addictions, Vol. 17, No. 4, Pp271-277
Comer. JS; et al (2008) Children and terrorism-related news: Training parents in coping and media literacy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 76, No. 4, Pp568-578
Comer, JS; et al (2008) Media use and children’s perceptions of societal threat and personal vulnerability.
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pp622-630
Comstock, G (2008) A sociological perspective on television violence and aggression American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1184-1211
Coyne, SM & Whitehead, E (2008) Indirect aggression in animated Disney films. Journal of Communication, Vol. 58, No. 2, Pp382-39
David-Ferdon, C; Hertz, MF (2007) Electronic media, violence, and adolescents: An emerging public health problem. Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 41, No. 6, Suppl. S, Pp S1-S5
Erwin, E; Morton, NE (2008) Exposure to media violence and young children with and without disabilities: Powerful opportunities for family-professional partnerships. Early Childhood Education Journal, Vol. 105, No. 112, Pp347-353
Fanti, KA; et al (2009) Desensitization to media violence over a short period of time. Aggressive Behavior, Vol. 35, No. 2, Pp179-187
Glymour, B; et al (2008) Watching social science-the debate about the effects of exposure to televised violence on aggressive behavior. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1231-1259
Gunter, B (2008) Media violence - is there a case for causality? American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1061-1122
Mozes, Alan (2008) Less exposure to violent media makes youths less aggressive. Pediatrics, Vol. 122, No. 2, Pp306-312
Murray, J (2008) Media violence: the effects are both real and strong. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1212-1230
Powell, C (2009) Violent video game effects on children and adolescents: Theory, research, and policy. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, Vol. 38, No. 3, Pp483-485
Richmond, J; Wilson, J (2008) Are graphic media violence, aggression and moral disengagement related?
Psychiatry Psychology & Law, Vol 15, No 2, Pp350-357
Savage, J (2008) The role of exposure to media violence in the etiology of violent behavior. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 51, No. 8, Pp1123-1136
Scharrer, Erica (2008) Media exposure and sensitivity to violence in news reports: Evidence of desensitization? Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, Vol. 85, No. 2, Pp291-310
van der Molen, JHW & Bushman, BJ (2008) Children’s direct fright and worry reactions to violence in fiction and news television programs. Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 153, No. 3, Pp420-424
Wittmann, M; Arce, E; Santisteban, C (2008) How impulsiveness, trait anger, and extracurricular activities might affect aggression in school children.
Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 45, No. 7, Pp618-623
Worth, KA; et al (2008) Exposure of US adolescents to extremely violent movies. Pediatrics, Vol. 122, No. 2, Pp306-312
Ybarra, ML; et al (2008) Linkages between Internet and other media violence with seriously violent behavior by youth.
Pediatrics, Vol. 122, No. 5, Pp929-937

Advertising

Bakir, A (2009) “Some assembly required”: Comparing disclaimers in children’s TV advertising in Turkey and the United States. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 49, No. 1, Pp93-103
Buijzen, M; et al (2008) Associations between children’s television advertising exposure and their food consumption patterns: A household diary-survey study. Appetite, Vol. 50, No. 2-3, Pp231-239
Chang, CC (2008) Chronological age versus cognitive age for younger consumers -implications for advertising persuasion. Journal of Advertising, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pp19-32
Ford, J (2009) Effects of advertising on children. International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 28, No. 1, Pp169-170
Leek, S & Christodoulides, G (2009) Next-generation mobile marketing: How young consumers react to bluetooth-enabled advertising. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 49, No. 1, Pp44-53
Matthews, AE (2008) Children and obesity: a pan-European project examining the role of food marketing. European Journal of Public Health, Vol. 18, No. 1, Pp7-11
Maher, JK; et al (2008) Racial stereotypes in children’s television commercials. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 48, No. 1, Pp80-93
Moodie, C; et al (2008) Tobacco marketing awareness on youth smoking susceptibility and perceived prevalence before and after an advertising ban. European Journal of Public Health, Vol. 18, No. 5, Pp484-490
Nairn, A; Fine, C. (2008) Who’s messing with my mind? The implications of dual-process models for the ethics of advertising to children. International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 27, No. 3, Pp447-470
Potter, A (2007) Junk food or junk TV: How will the UK ban on junk food advertising affect children’s programs. Meia International Australia, No. 125, Pp5-14
Owen, L; et al (2007) Children’s understanding of advertising: an investigation using verbal and pictorially cued methods. Infant & Child Development, Vol. 16, No. 6, Pp617-628
Pine, KJ; Wilson, P; Nash, AS (2007) The relationship between television advertising, children’s viewing and their requests to Father Christmas. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, Vol. 28, No. 6, Pp456-461
Schumann, D; Thorson, E eds (2007) Internet advertising Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Inc
Siegel, M; et al (2008) Comment - alcohol advertising in magazines and youth readership: are youths disproportionately exposed? Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 26, No. 3, Pp482-492
Sutfin, EL; et al (2008) Adolescents’ responses to anti-tobacco advertising: Exploring the role of adolescents’ smoking status and advertisement theme. Journal of Health Communication, Vol. 13, No. 5, Pp480-500
Vardavas, CI; et al (2009) Reducing adolescents’ exposure to alcohol advertising and promotion during televised sports. Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 301, No. 14, Pp1479-1482

Food Advertising

Arredondo, E; et al (2009) Brand name logo recognition of fast food and healthy food among children. Journal of Community Health, Vol. 34, No. 1, Pp73-78
Courage, ML & Setliff, AE (2009) Debating the impact of television and video material on very young children: Attention, learning, and the developing brain. Child Development Perspectives, Vol. 3, No. 1, Pp72-78
Gabrelian, N; et al (2009) The effects of appeal on children’s comprehension and recall of content in educational television programs. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 30, No. 2, Pp161-168
Halford, JC; et al (2008) Beyond-brand effect of television food advertisements on food choice in children: the effects of weight status.Public Health Nutrition, Vol. 11, No. 9, Pp897-904
Harris, JL; et al (2009) A crisis in the marketplace: how food marketing contributes to childhood obesity and what can be done. Annual Review of Public Health, Vol. 30, Pp211-225
Holder, MD; et al (2009) The contribution of active and passive leisure to children’s well-being. Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 3, Pp378-386
Levine, Michael P; et al (2009) “Everybody knows that mass media are/are not (pick one) a cause of eating disorders”: a critical review of evidence for a causal link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, Vol. 28, No. 1, Pp9-42
Macmullan, Justin (2009) New media, same old tricks: A survey of the marketing of food to children on food company websites. www.junkfoodgeneration.org
Morley, B; et al (2008) Parental awareness and attitudes about food advertising to children on Australian television. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, Vol. 32, No. 4, Pp341-347
Strachan, J & Pavie-Latour, V (2008) Food for thought: shouldn’t we actually target food advertising more towards kids and not less? International Journal of Market Research, Vol. 50, No. 1, Pp13-27
Warren, R; et al (2008) Food and beverage advertising on US television: a comparison of child-targeted versus general audience commercials. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, Vol. 52, No. 2, Pp231-246
Wilde, P (2009) Self-regulation and the response to concerns about food and beverage marketing to children in the United States. Nutrition Reviews, Vol. 67, No. 3, Pp155-166

Physical Effects

Bloom, J; et al (2008) Effects of video game play on snacking behavior, caloric burn, and physiology: Nintendo WII vs. Microsoft X-box. Psychophysiology, Vol. 45, Suppl. 1, PpS61-S61
Borusiak, P; et al (2008) Cardiovascular effects in adolescents while they are playing video games: a potential health risk factor? Psychophysiology, Vol. 45, No. 2, Pp327-332
Danner, Fred W (2008) A national longitudinal study of the association between hours of TV viewing and the trajectory of BMI growth among US children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Vol. 33, No. 10, Pp47-53
Doyle, AC; et al (2008) Reduction of overweight and eating disorder symptoms via the Internet in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 43, No. 2, Pp172-179
Eisenberg, ME; Neumark-Sztainer, D (2009) Does TV viewing during family meals make a difference in adolescent substance use? Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 44, No. 2, Suppl. 1
Epstein, LH; et al (2008) A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young childen. Arch. of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Vol. 162, No. 3, Pp239-245
Hust, SJT; et al (2008) Boys will be boys and girls better prepared: An analysis of the rare sexual health messages in young adolescents’ media. Mass Communication & Society, Vol. 11, No. 1, Pp3-23
Kendrick, R (2008) ‘We can change the face of this future’-Television transforming the fat child.
Australian Feminist Studies, Vol 23, No 57, Pp389-400
Ko, Chih-Hung; et al (2008) The association between Internet addiction and problematic alcohol use in adolescents: The problem behavior model. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 5, Pp571-576
Miller, SA; et al (2008) Association between television viewing and poor diet quality in young children.
International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, Vol. 3, No. 3, Pp168-176
Moriarty, CM; Harrison, K (2008) Television exposure and disordered eating among children: a longitudinal panel study. Journal of Communication, Vol. 58, No. 2, Pp361-381
Murphy, Sheila T; et al (2008) How healthy is prime time? Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation www.kff.org
Peter, J & Valkenburg, PM (2009) Adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit Internet material and sexual satisfaction: A longitudinal study. Human Communication Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, Pp171-194
Primack, BA; et al (2009) Association between media use in adolescence and depression in young adulthood: a longitudinal study. Archives of General Psychiatry, Vol. 66, No. 2, Pp181-188
Strasburger, Victor C (2009) Why do adolescent health researchers ignore the impact of the media? Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 44, Pp203-205
Richards, R; et al (2009) Childhood and contemporaneous correlates of adolescent leisure time physical inactivity: a longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 44, No. 3, Pp260-267
Rideout, Victoria (2008) Television as a health educator: A case study of Grey’s Anatomy.
Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation www.kff.org
Robinson, T; et al (2008) Portrayal of body weight on children’s television sitcoms: a content analysis.
Smith, NEI; et al (2008) Exploring moderators of the relationship between physical activity behaviors and television viewing in elementary school children. American Journal of Health Promotion, Vol. 22, No. 4, Pp231-236
Vadiveloo, M; et al (2009) Diet and physical activity patterns of school-aged children.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Vol. 109, No. 1, Pp145-151
Vazquez, IA; et al (2008) Physical activity, sedentary leisure, short sleeping and childhood overweight.
Psicothema, Vol. 20, No. 4, Pp516-520
Waldman, M; et al (2008) Autism prevalence and precipitation rates in California, Oregon and Washington Counties. Arch Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine, Vol. 162, No. 11, Pp1026-1034
Wills, TA; et al (2009) Movie exposure to alcohol cues and adolescent alcohol problems: a longitudinal analysis in a national sample. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Vol. 23, No. 1, Pp23-35
Woolford, SJ; Clark, SJ (2009) Tailored mobile phone text messages as an adjunct to obesity treatment for adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 44, No. 2, Suppl. 1

Computer/Video Games

Agosto, Denise E (2008), Sex, brains, and video games: a librarian’s guide to teens in the twenty-first century. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 59, No. 12, Pp2033-2034
Armstrong, Annie (2008) Gamers in the library? The why, what and how of videogame tournaments for all ages. Journal of Academic Librarianship, Vol. 34, No. 5, Pp455
Arriaga, P; et al (2008) Are the effects of unreal violent video games pronounced when playing with a virtual reality system? Aggressive Behavior, Vol. 34, No. 5, Pp521-538
Bijvank, MN; et al (2009) Age and violent-content labels make video games forbidden fuits for youth. Pediatrics, Vol. 123, No. 3, Pp870-876
Cooperman, L (2008) Sex, brains, and video games: A librarian’s guide to teens in the twenty-first century. Reference and User Services Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 4, Pp406
Evans, M; Karapu, R; Omura, S (2008) “It’s illegal - R18 means R18” www.parentline.org.nz
Gannon, Susanne (2008) Children, gender and video games: towards a relational approach to multimedia.Gender and Education, Vol. 20, No. 5, Pp551-552
Hart, GM; et al (2009) Effects of video games on adolescents and adults. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 12, No. 1, Pp63-65
Jimenez, JE & Rojas, E (2008) Effects of Tradislexia videogame on phonological awareness and word recognition in dyslexic children. Psicothema, Vol. 20, No. 3, Pp347-353
Kato, PM; et al (2008) A video game improves behavioral outcomes in adolescents and young adults with cancer: A randomized trial. Pediatrics, Vol. 122, No. 2, PpE305-E317
Ravaja, N; et al (2008) The psychophysiology of James Bond; Phasic emotional responses to violent video game events. Emotion, Vol. 8, No. 1, Pp114-120
Sun, DL; et al (2008) Computer games: A double-edged sword?Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 5, Pp545-548
Wallenius,M & Punamaki, RL (2008) Digital game violence and direct aggression in adolescence: A longitudinal study of the roles of sex, age, and parent-child communication. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 29, No. 4, Pp286-294
Wang, EST; et al (2008) The relationship between leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction of adolescents concerning online games. Adolescence, Vol. 43, No. 169, Pp177-184
Zhong, ZJ (2009) Third-person perceptions and online games: a comparison of perceived antisocial and prosocial game effects. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 14, No. 2, Pp286-306

Computers & the Internet

Aslanidou, S & Menexes, G (2008) Youth and the Internet: Uses and practices in the home. Computers & Education, Vol. 51, No. 3, Pp1375-1391
Bachen, C; et al (2008) Civic engagement, pedagogy, and information technology on Web sites for youth.
Political Communication, Vol. 25, No. 3, Pp290-310
Barak, A & Sadovsky, Y (2008) Internet use and personal empowerment of hearing-impaired adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 5, Pp2311-2324
Bhat, CS (2008) Cyberbullying: Overview and strategies for school counsellors, guidance officers, and all school personnel. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, Vol. 18, No. 1, Pp53-66
Beech, AR; et al (2008) The Internet and child sexual offending: a criminological review. Aggression & Violent Behavior, Vol. 13, No. 3, Pp216-228
Crutzen, R; et al (2008) Adolescents who intend to change multiple health behaviors choose greater exposure to an Internet-delivered intervention. Journal of Health Psychology, Vol. 13, No. 7, Pp906-911
Chen, Lily Shui-Lien (2008) Subjective well-being: Evidence from the different personality traits of online game teenager players. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 5, Pp579-581
Diamanduros, T; Downs, E; Jenkins, S (2008) The role of school psychologists in the assessment, revention and intervention of cyberbullying. Psychology in the Schools, Vol 45, No 8, Pp693-704
Hodkinson, P & Lincoln, S (2008) Online journals as virtual bedrooms? Young people, identity and personal space. Young, Vol. 16, No. 1, Pp27-46
Jang, KS; Hwang, SY; Choi, JY (2008) Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms among Korean adolescents. Journal of School Health, Vol. 78, No. 3, Pp165-171
Lee, L (2008) The impact of young people’s Internet use on class boundaries and life trajectories. Sociology-Journal of the British Sociological Associatione, Vol. 42, No. 1, Pp137-153
Li, Qing (2008) A cross-cultural comparison of adolescents’ experience related to cyberbullying. Educational Research, Vol. 50, No. 3, Pp223-234
Livingstone, S & Haddon, L (2008) Risky experiences for children online: charting European research on children and the Internet. Children & Society, Vol. 22, No. 4, Pp314-323
Mason, KL (2008) Cyberbullying: A preliminary assessment for school personnel. Psychology in the Schools, Vol. 45, No. 4, Pp323-348
Norton (2009) Norton online living report 2009: Survey data. www.nortononlineliving.com
NSW Youth Advisory Council (2008) Report to the Minister for Youth on cyberbullying. www.youth.nsw.gov.au/youth_advisory_council
Palfrey, J; et al (2009) Enhancing child safety and online technologies: Final Report of the Internet safety technical task force to the multi-state working group on social networking of state attorneys general of the United States. www.wiredsafety.org
Peter, J; Valkenburg, PM (2008) Adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit Internet material and sexual preoccupancy: a three-wave panel study. Media Psychology, Vol. 11, No. 2, Pp207-234
Russell, G (2009) Pedophiles in wonderland: censoring the sinful in cyberspace. Journal of Criminal Law, Vol. , No. 4, Pp1467-1499
Schrader, PG; McCreery, M (2008) The acquisition of skill and expertise in massively multiplayer online games. Educational Technology Research and Development, Vol. 56, No. 5-6, Pp557-574
Sharples, M; et al (2009) E-safety and Web 2.0 for children aged 11-16. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, Vol. 25, No. 1, Pp70-84
Slonje, R; Smith, PK (2008) Cyberbullying: another main type of bullying? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Vol. 49, No. 2, Pp147-154
Smith, PK; et al (2008) Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, Vol. 49, No. 4, Pp376-385
Trettin, LD; May, JC; McKeehan, NC (2008) Teaching teens to “Get net smart for good health”: Comparing interventions for an Internet training program. Journal of the Medical Library Association, Vol. 96, No. 4, Pp370-374
Valkenburg, PM; Peter, J (2008) Adolescents’ identity experiments on the Internet- consequences for social competence and self-concept unity. Communication Research, Vol. 35, No. 2, Pp208-231
Valkenburg, PM; Peter, J (2009) Social consequences of the Internet for adolescents: A decade of research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 18, No. 1, Pp1-5
Vanderbosch, H & Van Cleemput, K (2008) Defining cyberbullying: A qualitative research into the perceptions of youngsters. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 4, Pp499-503
Willoughby, Teena (2008) A short-term longitudinal study of Internet and computer game use by adolescent boys and girls: prevalence, frequency of use, and psychosocial predictors. Developmental Psychology, Vol. 44, No. 1, Pp195-204
Wolak, J; et al (2008) Online “predators” and their victims - myths, realities, and implications for prevention and treatment. American Psychologist, Vol. 63, No. 2, Pp111-128
Wolak, J; et al (2008) Is talking online to unknown people always risky? Distinguishing online interaction styles in a national sample of youth Internet users. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 11, No. 3, Pp340-343
Yan, Z (2009) Limited knowledge and limited resources: children’s and adolescents’ understanding of the Internet. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 30, No. 2, Pp103-115
Young, K (2008) Toward a model for the study of children’s informal Internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 2, Pp173-184

Media Education

Carmona, JBR (2009) Learning to watch television in school. Communicar, No. 32, p248
Schumacher, Colin (2008) Making meaning onscreen: a student handbook. www.colinschumacher.com.au